{"id":11310,"date":"2010-05-10T10:44:28","date_gmt":"2010-05-10T14:44:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fryeblog.blog.lib.mcmaster.ca\/?p=11310"},"modified":"2010-05-10T10:44:28","modified_gmt":"2010-05-10T14:44:28","slug":"carmelo-tropiano-literature-as-therapy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2010\/05\/10\/carmelo-tropiano-literature-as-therapy\/","title":{"rendered":"Carmelo Tropiano: &#8220;Literature as Therapy&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2010\/05\/waverly.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11315\" src=\"http:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2010\/05\/waverly.jpg\" alt=\"waverly\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2010\/05\/waverly.jpg 400w, https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2010\/05\/waverly-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Carmelo Tropiano is a Professor of English and Liberal Studies at Seneca  College<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Literature [is]\u2026a means of concentrating and intensifying the mind and of bringing it into a state of energy, which is the basis of all health.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">\u2014Northrop Frye, \u201cLiterature as Therapy\u201d<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">\n<p>In November of 1989, Northrop Frye gave a lecture titled, \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/books.google.ca\/books?id=dSnUIfT5kJMC&amp;pg=PA21&amp;dq=northrop+frye+literature+as+theraphy&amp;cd=2#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false\" target=\"_blank\">Literature as Therapy<\/a>.\u201d\u00a0 In his discussion, he expounds on the notion that literature possesses curative properties: That reading a novel or a poem, for example, in some sense restores both psychological and bodily \u201cbalance,\u201d and that there is an inextricable linkage between the body and the mind that lends authenticity to the concept that \u201csuch imaginative constructs as literature\u2026would have a direct role to play in physical health\u201d (469).\u00a0 Frye provides several literary anecdotes to buttress his thesis (Dickens and Shakespeare), and then relates the following personal account:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>I remember my mother telling me of undergoing a very serious illness after the birth of my sister, and in the course of the illness she became delirious.\u00a0 Her father, who was a Methodist clergyman, came along with the twenty-five volumes of Scott\u2019s Waverley novels and dropped them on her. By the time she had read her way through them she was all right again. (475)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>The cathartic effects of reading appear to segue into the purging of destructive \u201cimbalances\u201d that contribute to physical illness.\u00a0 Perhaps part of the reason behind Frye\u2019s mother\u2019s recovery has to do with the time required to complete twenty-five volumes.\u00a0 What is, however, certain, and the main idea that Frye seems to suggest here, is that literature enables transformation; and that fictional texts, necessarily, do not have any creative boundaries imposed on them in the same way that non-fictional texts do.\u00a0 Rather than challenge the status-quo, non-fictional texts seem to reify what is.\u00a0 As Frye aptly notes, stories employ \u201cpoetic language,\u201d requiring the reader to \u201cdetach himself\u201d (474).\u00a0 What literature conveys \u201cis the sense of controlled hallucination\u2026where things are seen with a kind of intensity with which they are not seen in ordinary experience\u201d (475).\u00a0 The literary experience foments ambiguity and dislocation\u2014the aesthetic pedigree of the novel or short story is that they revel in the uncertain, the antithesis to the non-thought of received ideas that defy critical examination.\u00a0 How can we, for instance, query the biological construct of a cell or the number of nucleotides in a strand of DNA?\u00a0 Literature, on the other hand, approaches and expresses truths in an indirect sort of way, in non-explicit, non-objective trajectories.\u00a0 Reading means entering into the boundless possibilities of the imagined and is unsettling to the real-world with its plethora of codes, dense practicalities, and auras of conventionality.\u00a0 The story is the imaginative space where the inexorabilities and vicissitudes of existence are explored.\u00a0 It is little wonder why Plato banished the poets from his ideal republic (those involved in iconoclasm)\u2014they offered a \u201ccounter environment\u201d as Frye would say, \u201cin which the follies and evils of the environment are partly reflected\u201d and ultimately purged.\u00a0 The artist sets up something \u201cantipathetic to the civilization in which it exists.\u201d\u00a0 The artist\u2019s vision is one in which the reader participates, and in such a way as to procure a deeper awareness of the world beyond one\u2019s environment; it is a practice that enables a reader to gain insights, through appropriation, that will make his own life more comprehensible.\u00a0 For Frye\u2019s mother, the \u201ccounter-delirium\u201d offered to her by reading Scott\u2019s novels facilitated what Coleridge called, \u201ca willing suspension of disbelief\u201d; that is, a susceptibility to being led into an experience that is potentially disruptive, and, in the end, transformative.\u00a0 The healing properties in literature, thus, are those that allow us to dislocate ourselves from our surroundings, and in Frye\u2019s mother\u2019s case, from herself and her illness.\u00a0 Our attention, therefore, will be on something else for a change, which surely contributes to \u201cbalance.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Sources:<\/p>\n<p>Frye, Northrop. \u201cLiterature as Therapy.\u201d <em>The Secular Scripture and Other Writings on Critical <\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Theory 1976-1991<\/em>. Ed. Joseph Adamson and Jean Wilson. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2006. 463-534.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Carmelo Tropiano is a Professor of English and Liberal Studies at Seneca College &#8220;Literature [is]\u2026a means of concentrating and intensifying the mind and of bringing it into a state of energy, which is the basis of all health.&#8221; \u2014Northrop Frye, \u201cLiterature as Therapy\u201d In November of 1989, Northrop Frye gave a lecture titled, \u201cLiterature as [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[94],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11310","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-literature-as-therapy"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - 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