{"id":3215,"date":"2009-09-27T00:12:07","date_gmt":"2009-09-27T04:12:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fryeblog.blog.lib.mcmaster.ca\/?p=3215"},"modified":"2009-09-27T00:12:07","modified_gmt":"2009-09-27T04:12:07","slug":"michael-sinding-the-extraliterary-and-the-interdisciplinary","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/27\/michael-sinding-the-extraliterary-and-the-interdisciplinary\/","title":{"rendered":"Michael Sinding: The Extraliterary and the Interdisciplinary"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><em><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-3219\" src=\"http:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2009\/09\/fryeinthesky.jpg\" alt=\"fryeinthesky\" width=\"279\" height=\"419\" srcset=\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2009\/09\/fryeinthesky.jpg 398w, https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2009\/09\/fryeinthesky-199x300.jpg 199w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 279px) 100vw, 279px\" \/>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Responding to <a href=\"http:\/\/fryeblog.blog.lib.mcmaster.ca\/2009\/09\/24\/resisting-the-extraliterary\/\" target=\"_blank\">Joe Adamson<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/fryeblog.blog.lib.mcmaster.ca\/2009\/09\/25\/interdisciplinary-connections\/\" target=\"_blank\">Bob Denham<\/a>.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>I\u2019ve got two comments, which are I think related as concerning the extraliterary. One is about logic and language again, and one is about interdisciplinarity.<\/p>\n<p>Paradox and metaphor and irony and dialectic are indeed very important in Frye. But while giving them their due, I think there\u2019s a danger that overemphasizing those rhetorical or hypothetical aspects can insulate Frye from questions and criticism. It can seem to drain his writing of any actual claims that can be discussed: we make it look as if he\u2019s not really saying anything about anything. And I\u2019m pretty sure he\u2019s not doing that (not not doing that?). Such insulation occurs with some poststructuralist criticism, though for a different reason: the language can get rather opaque, to put it mildly. The effects are unfortunate.<\/p>\n<p>Giving the rhetorical and hypothetical its due is not easy. One challenge is the everything-fitting-togetherness of his thinking. Within the system, things can make an amazing amount of illuminating sense. And to do justice to any part, you have to consider it in the context of the whole. (When you try to pull one brick out, a few more may come with it.)<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s not as if he doesn\u2019t make claims about literature, and about many other things. Even though Frye stresses \u2018creating perspectives\u2019 over taking \u2018positions\u2019, a perspective is still a perspective ON something, and it can be evaluated for how well it reveals something of its topic, proposes certain patterns, and heck, even for its rightness and wrongness. If all we can say about it is \u2018hmm, interesting, another perspective \u2026 OK, what\u2019s next?\u2019, it hardly seems worth the candle.<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s important not to oversimplify what Frye is saying. And it\u2019s important to be, well, judicious in our judging: not to reach too quickly or in the wrong way after fact and reason. But I think we can and should question those claims, because it\u2019s essential to taking Frye seriously, and to keeping the conversation alive.<\/p>\n<p>As an example, if we take Frye to be saying that all language is literary language, that\u2019s a claim about language\u2014one which, as it stands, I don\u2019t think has a chance of surviving serious scrutiny. All kinds of language is non-literary, is literal, referential etc. But if we consider in context the general idea of this dialectic between centripetal and centrifugal language, or attention, and the idea that all language has a centripetal, rhetorical, literary aspect (which I think is what he was actually saying), then that looks like an idea with some future in its bones.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>On to the second comment \u2026 Frye also makes an excellent point about the dangers of connecting literature and criticism with other topics and fields\u2014the vertical metaphors of \u2018basing\u2019 and \u2018depending\u2019 and \u2018hanging\u2019, and the horizontal metaphors of \u2018relating\u2019 and \u2018connecting\u2019. This is the determinism problem: criticism gets subordinated to some other discipline. But the opposite danger is that literature and criticism, including Frye criticism, can become insular, unrelated to other areas of thought.<\/p>\n<p>I think some of the most interesting work on Frye has been those interdisciplinary connections with other areas\u2014history, psychology, philosophy, etc. I know \u2018interdisciplinarity\u2019 is something of a buzzword now, but I think this too is an essential part of keeping Frye\u2019s ideas alive. They should be developed, adapted. Of course, again, everything depends on how it\u2019s done, and it can be very tricky. In doing this you are thrown into dealing with the principles, methods, standards, etc. of other fields, but that doesn\u2019t mean you have to be subordinated to them\u2014it is possible to arrange meetings of multiple frameworks, where the other field(s) must also engage with the principles, standards etc. of criticism. It takes interpretive charity on all sides.<\/p>\n<p>I include the sciences here. Some sciences, such as the cognitive ones, seem to me obviously more relevant than others, like say geology. Whether or not, and how, the products of such meetings can be scientific, or scientific-ish, is another question. One view I like is that literary study can contribute to developing and refining hypotheses in the \u2018human\u2019 sciences. Hypothesis-building is essential to creating good explanations. Logic and proof certainly aren\u2019t everything. You can get empirical confirmations of perfectly logical theories that just happen to be utterly wrong. Look at behaviorism.<\/p>\n<p>You read laments these days that literary study has become too self-involved, cut off from the concerns of the rest of the world, and even the rest of the academy. (Here\u2019s one, linked from Arts &amp; Letters Daily: <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theamericanscholar.org\/the-decline-of-the-english-department\/\">http:\/\/www.theamericanscholar.org\/the-decline-of-the-english-department\/<\/a>. Maybe such laments are nothing new.). Frye\u2019s thinking has potential to overcome that, which is a great strength, one that should be taken advantage of. Again, it\u2019s not a matter of trying to make him \u2018relevant\u2019 simplistically, but of showing the continuing richness and potential of the ideas. To do that, you have to question them, push them, apply them in new ways to new topics.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0 Responding to Joe Adamson and Bob Denham. I\u2019ve got two comments, which are I think related as concerning the extraliterary. One is about logic and language again, and one is about interdisciplinarity. Paradox and metaphor and irony and dialectic are indeed very important in Frye. But while giving them their due, I think there\u2019s [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[80,92],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3215","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-imagination","category-literary-criticism"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Michael Sinding: The Extraliterary and the Interdisciplinary - The Educated Imagination<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/27\/michael-sinding-the-extraliterary-and-the-interdisciplinary\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Michael Sinding: The Extraliterary and the Interdisciplinary - The Educated Imagination\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00a0 Responding to Joe Adamson and Bob Denham. 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