{"id":3336,"date":"2009-09-28T19:24:35","date_gmt":"2009-09-28T23:24:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fryeblog.blog.lib.mcmaster.ca\/?p=3336"},"modified":"2009-09-28T19:24:35","modified_gmt":"2009-09-28T23:24:35","slug":"the-bondage-of-history","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cThe Bondage of History\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"robarts\"

Robarts Library, University of Toronto<\/p><\/div>\n

Joe Adamson\u2019s post of 27 September<\/a> gives a really vivid sense of literary studies in the 1980s.\u00a0 I was in graduate school at roughly the same time (1983-87), in the English department at the University of Toronto, and his description brings to mind those days of intellectual ferment, when for students in English the weekly public seminar of the Comp. Lit. centre (held on the 14th<\/sup> floor of the Robarts Library) had all the allure of a revolutionary cell, and when Yale French Studies<\/a><\/em> was virtually required reading for anyone in English who wanted to be in the know.<\/p>\n

The way I recall the history of that time, there was a turning point late in the ’80s, when people started to abandon deconstruction in favour of ideology.\u00a0 I can recall hearing one scholar at a conference attacking Marxist criticism in the name of scholarly inquiry in the hermeneutic<\/a> tradition, but a year later the same person was saying that \u201cwhenever I read there is an invisible Marxist looking over my shoulder,\u201d or words to that effect.\u00a0 No doubt the scandal concerning Paul de Man\u2019s wartime writings<\/a> hastened the turn towards history and ideology, and away from the austere textual scrutiny which characterized the so-called \u201cYale school\u201d of criticism<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Perhaps I should here explain the somewhat anomalous position from which I write about Frye.\u00a0 For one thing, being an Anglo-Catholic Frye scholar is hardly a common self-identification, let alone an unproblematic one!\u00a0 Secondly, I write about Frye alongside my other work on Victorian and 20th<\/sup> century British literature, which draws significantly on the work of feminist criticism and the reception-theory of Hans Robert Jauss<\/a>.\u00a0 In the only conversation I ever had with Northrop Frye, I asked him what he thought of the uses to which Jauss had put his work.\u00a0 Frye replied, graciously but firmly, that he didn\u2019t like to comment on such matters; they was something that younger scholars like myself would have to figure out on our own.\u00a0 I suppose by continuing to study Frye I am, among other things, still trying to figure out the answer to my question.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Joe raises the question of the cause of the resistance to Frye\u2019s work.\u00a0 Paradoxically, as Joe says, Frye was too theoretical for many in the period before the rise of alternative theoretical approaches.\u00a0 Later, as many of these approaches coalesced around a set of political commitments and the practice of the hermeneutics of suspicion, I think the problem was Frye\u2019s opposition of the world of the literary imagination, \u201cthe order of words,\u201d to what he calls at the end of the Anatomy<\/em> \u201cthe bondage of history.\u201d\u00a0 This went against the most fundamental assumptions of ideological criticism.\u00a0 I can clearly remember one friend of mine reading that passage in the \u201cTentative Conclusion\u201d and declaring, from the perspective of Frankfurt School Marxism<\/a>, that it summed up everything that is wrong with Frye.\u00a0 Here is the whole quotation: \u201cIt seems better to try to get clear of all such conflicts, attaching ourselves to Arnold\u2019s other axiom that \u2018culture seeks to do away with classes.\u2019\u00a0 The ethical purpose of a liberal education is to liberate, which can only mean to make one capable of conceiving society as free, classless, and urbane.\u00a0 No such society exists, which is one reason why a liberal education must be deeply concerned with works of the imagination.\u00a0 The imaginative element in works of art, again, lifts them clear of the bondage of history.\u00a0 Anything that emerges from the total experience of criticism to form part of a liberal education becomes, by virtue of that fact, part of the emancipated and humane community of culture, whatever its original reference.\u00a0 Thus liberal education liberates the works of culture themselves as well as the mind they educate\u201d (Anatomy of Criticism<\/em> 347-48).<\/p>\n

In my copy of the Anatomy<\/em>, I have argued with myself about that passage for twenty-five years.\u00a0 It is interesting that Frye begins the paragraph with a reference to Matthew Arnold\u2019s goal of a classless society.\u00a0 But in Culture and Anarchy<\/a><\/em> Arnold is more sceptical about the value of culture than Frye is here.\u00a0 For Arnold \u201cHellenism<\/a>,\u201d the pursuit of sweetness and light, is always balanced by \u201cHebraism<\/a>,\u201d the pursuit of righteousness, and no sooner has he argued in favour of the greater need for Hellenism in Victorian England than he is maintaining that Hebraism is really more important.\u00a0 Similarly, John Henry Newman\u2019s great defence of liberal education abruptly turns on itself, declaring that the goal of liberal education is the production of a gentleman, and that the gentleman at his best simulates the true Christian: \u201cit is almost a definition of a gentleman to say he is one who never inflicts pain.\u201d\u00a0 However, Newman continues, there is a radical difference between the two: \u201cThe world is content with setting right the surface of things; the Church aims at regenerating the very depths of the heart. She ever begins with the beginning; and, as regards the multitude of her children, is never able to get beyond the beginning, but is continually employed in laying the foundation.\u201d<\/p>\n

Northrop Frye, a much truer liberal than Arnold, takes the most socially radical element from Culture and Anarchy<\/em>, the pursuit of a classless society, and he changes the meaning of \u201cliberal education\u201d from its etymological sense of an education appropriate to a free man to the transformative sense of an education that aims to produce a free man (or woman).\u00a0 And unlike Newman, he regards that education, and the culture with which it is concerned, as sufficient for the purposes of liberation; religion is not something separate, different, and primary, as it is in Newman.<\/p>\n

Frye offers the best defence of the study of poetry that I know; his work is an invaluable resource for my own teaching; but I always come back to the question of how far I can accept his optimism about the power of literary culture.\u00a0 And that I suppose is the source of my dissent from Mervyn Nicholson\u2019s discussion of Frye and desire.\u00a0 Deanne Bogdan articulates my doubts in a fine essay in The Legacy of Northrop Frye<\/em> where she discusses her realization \u201cthat literary experience could be negative as well as positive.\u201d\u00a0 I hope that further discussion can pursue this point.\u00a0 I want to come back to it myself from a more pragmatic angle in a future discussion of how Frye influences my Introduction to Literature course.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Joe Adamson\u2019s post of 27 September gives a really vivid sense of literary studies in the 1980s.\u00a0 I was in graduate school at roughly the same time (1983-87), in the English department at the University of Toronto, and his description brings to mind those days of intellectual ferment, when for students in English the weekly […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[4,92],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3336","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-anatomy-of-criticism","category-literary-criticism"],"yoast_head":"\n\u201cThe Bondage of History\u201d - The Educated Imagination<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u201cThe Bondage of History\u201d - The Educated Imagination\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Joe Adamson\u2019s post of 27 September gives a really vivid sense of literary studies in the 1980s.\u00a0 I was in graduate school at roughly the same time (1983-87), in the English department at the University of Toronto, and his description brings to mind those days of intellectual ferment, when for students in English the weekly […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"The Educated Imagination\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2009-09-28T23:24:35+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2009\/09\/robarts.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"333\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Russell Perkin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Russell Perkin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Russell Perkin\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/#\/schema\/person\/bd59dd70f81d86a6453cd16ff5c97932\"},\"headline\":\"\u201cThe Bondage of History\u201d\",\"datePublished\":\"2009-09-28T23:24:35+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/\"},\"wordCount\":1094,\"commentCount\":1,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2009\/09\/robarts.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Anatomy of Criticism\",\"Literary Criticism\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/\",\"name\":\"\u201cThe Bondage of History\u201d - The Educated Imagination\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2009\/09\/robarts.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2009-09-28T23:24:35+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/#\/schema\/person\/bd59dd70f81d86a6453cd16ff5c97932\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2009\/09\/robarts.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2009\/09\/robarts.jpg\",\"width\":500,\"height\":333},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\u201cThe Bondage of History\u201d\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/\",\"name\":\"The Educated Imagination\",\"description\":\"A Website Dedicated to Northrop Frye\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/#\/schema\/person\/bd59dd70f81d86a6453cd16ff5c97932\",\"name\":\"Russell Perkin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/16a7afcfc3a0c08723a94c9200a04209438ea3aeec09dd3216e888963f3a99f2?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/16a7afcfc3a0c08723a94c9200a04209438ea3aeec09dd3216e888963f3a99f2?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/16a7afcfc3a0c08723a94c9200a04209438ea3aeec09dd3216e888963f3a99f2?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Russell Perkin\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/author\/russell\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u201cThe Bondage of History\u201d - The Educated Imagination","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u201cThe Bondage of History\u201d - The Educated Imagination","og_description":"Joe Adamson\u2019s post of 27 September gives a really vivid sense of literary studies in the 1980s.\u00a0 I was in graduate school at roughly the same time (1983-87), in the English department at the University of Toronto, and his description brings to mind those days of intellectual ferment, when for students in English the weekly […]","og_url":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/","og_site_name":"The Educated Imagination","article_published_time":"2009-09-28T23:24:35+00:00","og_image":[{"width":500,"height":333,"url":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2009\/09\/robarts.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Russell Perkin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Russell Perkin","Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/"},"author":{"name":"Russell Perkin","@id":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/#\/schema\/person\/bd59dd70f81d86a6453cd16ff5c97932"},"headline":"\u201cThe Bondage of History\u201d","datePublished":"2009-09-28T23:24:35+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/"},"wordCount":1094,"commentCount":1,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"http:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2009\/09\/robarts.jpg","articleSection":["Anatomy of Criticism","Literary Criticism"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/","url":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/","name":"\u201cThe Bondage of History\u201d - The Educated Imagination","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"http:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2009\/09\/robarts.jpg","datePublished":"2009-09-28T23:24:35+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/#\/schema\/person\/bd59dd70f81d86a6453cd16ff5c97932"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2009\/09\/robarts.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2009\/09\/robarts.jpg","width":500,"height":333},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/09\/28\/the-bondage-of-history\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u201cThe Bondage of History\u201d"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/","name":"The Educated Imagination","description":"A Website Dedicated to Northrop Frye","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/#\/schema\/person\/bd59dd70f81d86a6453cd16ff5c97932","name":"Russell Perkin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/16a7afcfc3a0c08723a94c9200a04209438ea3aeec09dd3216e888963f3a99f2?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/16a7afcfc3a0c08723a94c9200a04209438ea3aeec09dd3216e888963f3a99f2?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/16a7afcfc3a0c08723a94c9200a04209438ea3aeec09dd3216e888963f3a99f2?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Russell Perkin"},"url":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/author\/russell\/"}]}},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3336","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/23"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3336"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3336\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3336"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3336"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3336"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}