{"id":5041,"date":"2009-11-06T12:03:29","date_gmt":"2009-11-06T16:03:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fryeblog.blog.lib.mcmaster.ca\/?p=5041"},"modified":"2009-11-06T12:03:29","modified_gmt":"2009-11-06T16:03:29","slug":"religious-knowledge-lectures-4-and-5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/11\/06\/religious-knowledge-lectures-4-and-5\/","title":{"rendered":"Religious Knowledge, Lectures 4 and 5"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"hands\"\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Lectures 4 and 5.\u00a0 October 21 and 28, 1947 <\/strong><\/p>\n

In dealing with mental truth we must detach \u201ctruth\u201d from the Bible as it is known in history and science.\u00a0 The first fact we are aware of is that we live on a flat surface and the sun rises and sets.\u00a0 Then, by explanation, we know it is an illusion.\u00a0 But the fact of experience is still real.\u00a0 The truth as it appears in the Bible is like the truth of that fact of experience.\u00a0 The accuracy of history in the Bible is in inverse proportion to its spiritual value.<\/p>\n

In the Old Testament we see a chasm opening between two types of minds.\u00a0 One type sees experience in historical terms, and the other, the prophetic mind, transforms human reminiscence into drama.\u00a0 The shape and form of that story becomes a parable. \u00a0A cleavage emerges between the literal and the spiritual comprehension.\u00a0 The literal acceptance survives in Judaism and represents a type of attitude that Jesus condemned in the Pharisees.\u00a0 The Gospels bring the spiritual approach.<\/p>\n

RITUAL AND MYTH<\/span><\/p>\n

Ritual is the act, the thing done. \u00a0Myth is the Word, the revelation, the scripture, the story of how this came to be; that is, what is said in the Bible.\u00a0 Ritual comes earlier because the act must precede its explanation. \u00a0Myth is the explanation of the ritual. The Bible is a gigantic myth, a mythic account of human life. It is definitive myth which gets everything in and consolidates all mythic tales of any significance.<\/p>\n

What ritual is the myth explaining? \u00a0The ritual of human sacrifice.\u00a0 This must be dug out of the Bible because it is clear only in myth. \u00a0Much editing has covered up this human sacrifice ritual and it survives only in odd and lurid passages in Judges, etc.<\/p>\n

All myths do not explain a ritual.\u00a0 The explanation of customs of various tribes have mythical explanations.\u00a0 The anthropologist is looking for different explanations because a different conception of myth is necessary to him.\u00a0 Myths deal with gods.<\/p>\n

God is the God of Christians; god is a supernatural being.<\/p>\n

All products of human civilization are products of myths; they are attempts to reflect on life.\u00a0 Man doesn\u2019t evolve; he resists evolution.\u00a0 The development of consciousness is an evolution of mental form.\u00a0 Evolution takes place in time, while consciousness looks back at time.\u00a0 Myth is word, idea.<\/p>\n

Natural\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Human<\/p>\n

Ritual\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Myth<\/p>\n

Act\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Word<\/p>\n

Will\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Idea<\/p>\n

Monoloty<\/span> is the stage of religious statement in which the Hebrews say \u201cJehovah is our<\/span> God.\u201d\u00a0 It is not polytheistic nor monotheism, but a kind of halfway house.\u00a0 Other people have gods and each god chosen is a war-god\u2013\u2013\u201cmy god can lick your god,\u201d which means no tolerance of someone else\u2019s god.<\/p>\n

Monotheism<\/span> is when our<\/span> god becomes the<\/span> only true god, the only possible God.\u00a0 This represents the advance of civilization.<\/p>\n

Polytheism<\/span>: Man never assumes he is the greatest thing in the world.\u00a0 He is a natural being among nature.\u00a0 God here is seen as unknown, which means we separate him from the known, that is, from nature.\u00a0 To make god knowable, he must combine subject and object, human nature and the forces of nature. There becomes a god for each natural phenomenon; the god humanizes the natural force of the storm, for example.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Man never forgets the circumscribed nature of his power. \u00a0He can use his intelligence to harness natural animals but he never forgets the power in nature. \u00a0He knows it is nonetheless powerful for being stupid. \u00a0Man creates God in his own image because he exists in a split world of weak intelligence versus powerful natura<\/em>.\u00a0 Therefore, God has intelligence and power.<\/p>\n

GOD<\/p>\n

subject \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 object<\/p>\n

known\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 unknown<\/p>\n

man\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 nature<\/p>\n

intelligence\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 power<\/p>\n

creator\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 creation<\/p>\n

myth\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ritual<\/p>\n

word\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 act<\/p>\n

We must approach God through the left side . . . .\u00a0 To look for God in nature, you stupefy God, you get a brutal God.\u00a0 There is a kind of stupefied sense of justice in nature, one of natural consequences.\u00a0 In nature you see an order and a form, cause and effect.\u00a0 Science tries to see how cause follows effect, to make nature predictable.\u00a0 Once power is predictable, intelligence subdues it.\u00a0 The ultimate aim of science (which is the application of intelligence to nature) is prophetic: science judges truth by predictability.\u00a0 It is true because it will work.\u00a0 Science stops before mystery before what it cannot predict.<\/p>\n

The prophet in the Bible is dealing with human life which is unpredictable.\u00a0 He doesn\u2019t tell the future of man\u2019s behaviour and life.\u00a0 If that is true, science can reach it.\u00a0 When you look for God in man you see lack of power, the babe in the manger.\u00a0 Intelligence is vital, alive, but weak.\u00a0 Intelligence makes form out of chaos, but it is not a thing that is measurable.\u00a0 We also use the term \u201cintelligence\u201d in the sense of knowledge, which is the accumulation of comparative judgments.<\/p>\n

The true God is the creator God. \u00a0The deepest intuition of religion is that God must come out of the human side, not the natural side.\u00a0 You can\u2019t approach God as a creator of nature, although He did create it.\u00a0 The God of creation, of unknowable power, is a god of superstition.\u00a0 God as creator, as Son of Man, is true Christianity.\u00a0 Ritual comes from man in nature. Myth is concerned with stories of God.\u00a0 The Bible works along the line of myth, creator, intelligence.\u00a0 There is value in understanding that God is a person, has a sense of humor, loves children, prefers mildness to cruelty, and in understanding that there is an evil in nature that God loathes.\u00a0 He is not a lazy pantheistic god who has his own way.\u00a0 He has enemies to fight.<\/p>\n

(Example of ritual act and myth.\u00a0 Judges II, Chap. 30, the rash vow which is followed by the ritual act; the four-day feast of lament is a mythical explanation.\u00a0 The ritual is growing out of human sacrifice.\u00a0 The God to whom Jephthah sacrifices is a much cruder God.)<\/p>\n

Faith is not the uncritical acceptance of what is rationally absurd.\u00a0 Faith is associated with doubt.\u00a0 There are no limits to human comprehension.\u00a0 The sceptics set limits to the possibilities of knowledge.\u00a0 The same is true of a religion that says the Will of God is already completely known.\u00a0 Myth does not limit; it suggests infinite meanings.<\/p>\n

MAN AND NATURE<\/span><\/p>\n

Primitive man contrasts himself with what is outside him.\u00a0 He knows he is inferior to nature.\u00a0 The contrast between the human world and the world \u201cout there\u201d is the beginning of religious experience.\u00a0 The more conscious man is of himself, the more marked the contrast is.\u00a0 The original impulse to postulate god or gods is to complement man\u2019s weakness.\u00a0 But the farther we go from man the more stupid nature is.<\/p>\n

Freedom\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Death, hell, bondage<\/p>\n

Intelligence\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Stupidity<\/p>\n

Consciousness\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Unconsciousness<\/p>\n

Morality (conscious\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Indifference<\/p>\n

fabrication of a<\/p>\n

social unit)<\/p>\n

Weakness\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Power<\/p>\n

Form\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Monstrousness<\/p>\n

Conventional Christianity begins with strength\u2014God the Father, etc.\u00a0 Christianity starts with intelligent consciousness and moral weakness\u2014the child in the manger.\u00a0 God the Almighty has been annexed to Christianity.\u00a0 The Christian instinct is that one finds God in Man, not in nature.\u00a0 Religion then becomes polarized between a monster and the tamer of the dragon\u2014Leviathan and the Messiah.\u00a0 The Messiah is the God-Man who grows in power and kills the dragon.\u00a0 He is also the tamer of chaos.<\/p>\n

Man seeks a state of freedom.\u00a0 As long as he is in the natural world, he in bondage to its power.\u00a0 The Messiah then, frees man.\u00a0 The fight between the giants and the gods in the Elder Edda saga, for example, suddenly ends and you wake up and find yourself in a garden.\u00a0 The human mind can wake up from the nightmare.\u00a0 The original sin is the fact that man is born into a stupid, unconscious world.\u00a0 The natural within man drags him down to the level of nature.\u00a0 The human deliverer is to overcome the stupidity of nature.<\/p>\n

Nature has an order, a cyclic movement of natural law, repetitive and predictable.\u00a0 Science predicts what nature will do.\u00a0 The arts are divided into the arts of rhythm and pattern.\u00a0 The basis of human effort is the conception of predictable pattern of energy.\u00a0 In the cyclic movement, light and life conquer death.\u00a0 The sun fights the powers of darkness, the young, divine hero battles the dragon of death and darkness; he is swallowed but coughed up again.<\/p>\n

The religious experience is crystallized in the dragon-killing myth.\u00a0 The Saviour withdraws man from the dragon so that he can see that the dragon is not alive after all.\u00a0 The rhythm of the seasons shows that life goes underground in winter, as in the Greek myth of Persephone.\u00a0 The power of the seed, of life, is imprisoned for half the year and returns in a cyclic victory.\u00a0 Human life has its analogy.\u00a0 Beyond man are civilizations that rise and collapse.\u00a0 The Israelites see the Egyptians, Syrians, Babylonians come and go.\u00a0 The cyclic movement of history is strong.<\/p>\n

The divine deliverer is like the sun, the spring, and the national hero.\u00a0 A definitive myth about such a man will include these symbols.\u00a0 He is born at the solstice when the sun is weak; he is swallowed and coughed up; dies and revives in the spring.\u00a0 He has the same qualities of the national hero and will deliver the Israelites from Rome.\u00a0 He will suffer and die and his triumph is not simply killing the dragon, but his death will defeat the dragon.\u00a0 When you focus on the defeated deliverer, you get the dead sun pinned to a dead tree, mocked as a national hero.\u00a0 Yet this is the reverse of the real situation.\u00a0 The image of the dead hero is turned inside out\u2014the physical defeat is eternal victory.<\/p>\n

This intuition of the divine deliverer is seen in the prophets.\u00a0 Amos teaches of a God who has human qualities, plus more: justice and spiritual balance.\u00a0 Hosea tells of a God who is concerned with man (Israel), a God who is willing to help Israel indefinitely, no matter if the people do go wrong.\u00a0 The exile supplies the key to this problem.\u00a0 The exile is the dawning of the conception that the deliverer cannot come from somewhere else; he must be Israel and go through the same suffering.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0 Lectures 4 and 5.\u00a0 October 21 and 28, 1947 In dealing with mental truth we must detach \u201ctruth\u201d from the Bible as it is known in history and science.\u00a0 The first fact we are aware of is that we live on a flat surface and the sun rises and sets.\u00a0 Then, by explanation, we […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[16,131],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5041","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bob-denham","category-religious-knowledge-lectures"],"yoast_head":"\nReligious Knowledge, Lectures 4 and 5 - The Educated Imagination<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/11\/06\/religious-knowledge-lectures-4-and-5\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Religious Knowledge, Lectures 4 and 5 - 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