{"id":5727,"date":"2009-12-01T12:28:27","date_gmt":"2009-12-01T16:28:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fryeblog.blog.lib.mcmaster.ca\/?p=5727"},"modified":"2009-12-01T12:28:27","modified_gmt":"2009-12-01T16:28:27","slug":"the-stages-of-descent-and-ascent-contest","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/12\/01\/the-stages-of-descent-and-ascent-contest\/","title":{"rendered":"The Stages of Descent-and-Ascent Contest"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Alice<\/p>\n

I thought I might create a little game out of my last post on The Secular Scripture<\/em><\/a>. I am going to call it “The Stages of Descent-and-Ascent Contest.” The point is to encourage anyone out there–regular and occasional contributors, or silent visitors and lurkers of any kind (we\u2019d like to her from you!), whether scholars, teachers (of elementary school and beyond), just plain avid readers and thinkers, amateurs of literature, ideas, and the imagination–to take a look at the stages of descent and ascent (which I will post again here), and comment with any examples you can think of from literature (which includes plays and most definitely film and television as well) of the different stages I have sketched out in my summary. Feel free to elaborate on any examples you come up with, to develop or explain their particular significance. Also, any discussion, corrections or refinements of the scheme I have come up with are equally welcome.<\/p>\n

And don’t worry if some of the examples you come up with happen to be ones Frye uses himself in The Secular Scripture<\/em> or elsewhere (such as Words with Power<\/em> where an analogous scheme is at play in the second part of the book). In fact, it would be helpful,\u00a0 since his range is so great, to know of\u00a0 good examples from his other writings, published and unpublished.<\/p>\n

But the real fun is often in discovering examples in literature and film where you might not have expected.<\/p>\n

I call it a contest, but it is really a co-operative game, and an ongoing research project, one that I have often played with my students when we read The Secular Scripture<\/em>. The results are always stimulating, and invariably validate Frye\u2019s remarkable insight into literature.\u00a0 Eventually,\u00a0 I’ll compile them and post the results.<\/p>\n

Here, again, is the descent\/ascent scheme:<\/p>\n

STAGES OF DESCENT:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Stage One<\/strong> (Departures from identity, turning on a loss of status, cognition, amnesia, or break in consciousness of some other kind):<\/p>\n

Displaced or mysterious birth, hence removal from rightful parents<\/p>\n

Mother and child threatened in various ways: shrouding and hiding of mother, flight and exile, birth in secrecy, oracular announcement to frighten the father or father-figure<\/p>\n

Wrath of a god (or surrogate figure in fiction), usually incurred by boastfulness<\/p>\n

Usurping of reason by passion, as in jealous, irrational anger, or in rash vow<\/p>\n

Amnesia through drugs, love potions, catalepsy, etc.<\/p>\n

Break in consciousness of some other kind: traumatic event that leads to a dramatic change in status, mental state, or identity<\/p>\n

Falling asleep, entry into a dream world, forest (pursuit of false identity), close to metamorphosis or enchantment theme<\/p>\n

Stage Two<\/strong> (Loss or confusion of identity):<\/p>\n

Disguise: woman as a man most commonly; man as a woman<\/p>\n

Disintegrating of the family or blood connections<\/p>\n

Separation of the two brothers, or friends<\/p>\n

Twins<\/p>\n

Change of name<\/p>\n

Mirror selves or worlds, doubles, etc.; doubling of characters such as doubled heroine device<\/p>\n

The undisplaced form of disguise is metamorphosis, human transformed into a \u201clower\u201d or animal form of life (as in Ovid, or the fall into the ass of Apuleius)<\/p>\n

Confusion of ranks, social strata: the king is disguised as a beggar, the hero as his own servant<\/p>\n

Doubling patterns in general: two friends, two brothers, two sisters, two sexes: with contrast as well as similarity in doubling<\/p>\n

Stage Three<\/strong> (Descent into lower reaches of the \u201cNight World\u201d):<\/p>\n

Ritual Ordeal of suffering as rite of passage, part of cycle of death and rebirth<\/p>\n

Increasing loneliness, alienation, calumny or false accusation<\/p>\n

Sinking into silent, dumb world of unconsciousness: oracular animal helpers, mute figures<\/p>\n

Doppelg\u00e4nger motif, along with objectifying imagery (mirrors and clocks): world in which everything. is an object, including the human subject<\/p>\n

Cannibal feast: human and animal worlds assimilated in world of human carnivores<\/p>\n

Human sacrifice (to monster, dragon, or equivalent)<\/p>\n

Lower world as cave resembling belly of monster or womb of earth mother<\/p>\n

Excremental vision of Rabelais and Swift (material lower bodily substratum)<\/p>\n

Bottom: scene of apocalyptic judgment: demonic parody of upper world judgment: false hostile accusers, accusing memory<\/p>\n

Point of nothingness<\/p>\n

STAGES OF ASCENT:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Escape<\/p>\n

Reversal of the terror or awe-struck state in lower world through a revolt of the intelligence, often accompanied by laughter<\/p>\n

Houdini motif: convention of Escape or impossible rescue scenes that predictably always turn out happily, or the impossible riddle that is always solved<\/p>\n

Recognition scene: in comedy hidden brought to light, true identity discovered followed by marriage<\/p>\n

Conscious separation from the demonic as demonic, detachment from illusion\/breaking of enchantment<\/p>\n

Reversal of downward, Ovidian metamorphosis<\/p>\n

Reversal of twins or doppelgangers<\/p>\n

separation and polarization of double heroines<\/p>\n

separation and polarization of progressive or regressive characters forwarding or retarding \u201cfestive conclusion\u201d<\/p>\n

2. Remembrance<\/strong><\/p>\n

Reversal of break in consciousness and restoration of \u201cbroken current of memory\u201d and continuity of action following 1) recognition of demonic 2) separation from regressive elements<\/p>\n

Higher themes of ascent: talisman of recognition theme, restoration of memory \u201ctotal cycle of recognition\u201d from descent to reunion<\/p>\n

Theme of recovery from sea: birth of hero<\/p>\n

3. Recovered Identity<\/strong><\/p>\n

Divergence of comedy and romance at this point of ascent\u2013theme of comedy predominantly social, while world of romance (pastoral, Arcadia) suggests higher state of identity<\/p>\n

World of recovered identity in romance not that of isolated individual but of society in higher world above ordinary experience<\/p>\n

Polarization that transcends cycle of nature vs. \u201cironic\u201d cyclical images of nature and human life<\/p>\n

Eros theme that transcends cycle<\/p>\n

Ascent imagery: climbing, flying, mountains, towers, ladders, spiral staircases, shooting of arrows, coming out of sea onto an island<\/p>\n

Movement upward to self-recognition\u2013reversal of Narcissus, twin, and doppelganger themes<\/p>\n

Two forms of upward quest: 1) sublimated quest ending in virginity (sister or daughter figure) 2) sexual quest ending in marriage (identification of bride\u2019s body with paradisal garden)<\/p>\n

Virginity here is an image of attaining original identity<\/p>\n

4. Growing Freedom:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Imagery of time and space:<\/p>\n

1. transcending of fatality and destruction\u2013energy, exuberance, genuine freedom identified with discipline\u2013symbol of dance, identity of order of nature as dance;<\/p>\n

2. similarly, space not \u201cout there\u201d but \u201chere,\u201d home\u2013upper world garden of Eden\u2013 nature rejoined with human society as home<\/p>\n

5. Breaking of Enchantment<\/strong><\/p>\n

Overcoming of ironic and tragic nature of natural cycle and frustrated Eros<\/p>\n

Reversal of pictures, tapestries, statues, mirrors that are the threshold of descent narrative suggesting exchange of original identity for shadow or reflection<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

I thought I might create a little game out of my last post on The Secular Scripture. I am going to call it “The Stages of Descent-and-Ascent Contest.” The point is to encourage anyone out there–regular and occasional contributors, or silent visitors and lurkers of any kind (we\u2019d like to her from you!), whether scholars, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[137],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5727","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-romance"],"yoast_head":"\nThe Stages of Descent-and-Ascent Contest - The Educated Imagination<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2009\/12\/01\/the-stages-of-descent-and-ascent-contest\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Stages of Descent-and-Ascent Contest - The Educated Imagination\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"I thought I might create a little game out of my last post on The Secular Scripture. 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