{"id":6652,"date":"2010-01-04T01:17:55","date_gmt":"2010-01-04T05:17:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fryeblog.blog.lib.mcmaster.ca\/?p=6652"},"modified":"2010-01-04T01:17:55","modified_gmt":"2010-01-04T05:17:55","slug":"jan-gorak-frye-and-the-instruments-of-mental-production","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/fryeblog\/2010\/01\/04\/jan-gorak-frye-and-the-instruments-of-mental-production\/","title":{"rendered":"Jan Gorak: Frye and the Instruments of Mental Production"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0\"gorak\"<\/em><\/p>\n

I\u2019ve recently been shelving some of the volumes I inherited this summer following the death of my much-missed colleague and friend Edward Twining.\u00a0 As I stacked some of them, I remembered how when we first came to Denver, Ed and his wise and witty wife Mary-Beth took us on a drive into the Rocky Mountains.\u00a0 As we rose in altitude, Ed began to recollect, with all the vigor and enthusiasm he commanded so easily, the occasion of Frye\u2019s visit to Denver about twenty years before.\u00a0 Unusually, I thought then\u2014but not now\u2014he warmed to the memory of Frye\u2019s unassuming and apparently capacious knowledge of the region\u2019s geology.\u00a0 (I was later to discover that Frye had been a longtime lunch partner of Charles Currelly, Professor of Geology at Toronto and had ghost-edited [ghost-written?] his volume of reminiscences We Brought the Ages Home<\/em>.)\u00a0\u00a0 Throughout, Ed punctuated his discussion with regular, and obviously warmly felt, exclamations like \u201cWhat a generous mind!\u00a0 What an honest man!\u201d\u00a0 There was no reference to Frye\u2019s various institutional and professional honors, still less any asides about cultural power or academic acclaim.\u00a0 Although there were frequent reflections on admired passages from unexpected sources\u2014the CBC broadcasts that became The Educated Imagination <\/em>and The Great Code<\/em>.<\/p>\n

It was the professional Frye with whom I started to reacquaint myself as I continued in my shelving.\u00a0 My own paperback edition of The Stubborn Structure <\/em>is no longer stubborn\u2014invertebrate might be a more appropriate adjective.\u00a0 So a hardback copy was most welcome to me.\u00a0 As I started to leaf through the book, thoughts rapidly started to form.\u00a0 I became particularly interested in the essay on \u201cThe Instruments of Mental Production.\u201d\u00a0 In the rest of this entry, I shall be largely concerned with what Frye says in this piece, but I pause for a moment to note that I think the network of connections he forged with universities across the world is worth thinking about: what is the relationship between the international Frye and the Frye of the 40s and 50s, who wrote for The Canadian Forum<\/em>.\u00a0 How did he adjust his discourse to the different conditions of his utterances at that time?\u00a0 \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

One answer is of course that he didn\u2019t, unlike many contemporary academics, who are conference revolutionaries and weekend consumers of Gucci.\u00a0 Instead, he brought to different audiences the fruits of what he discovered in Blake and Milton.\u00a0 In so doing, he rejected the premises that liberal or humanistic knowledge was ever instrumental, or that the language of ownership and production had much to do with what we do when we teach King Lear<\/em> or Emma<\/em>.\u00a0 He reiterated his conviction that education in \u201cthe creative arts\u201d was intimately concerned with structured possibilities, not just with fitting bits of the curriculum together in what a faculty might be willing to accept after long processes of consultation and self-study had worn them down into demoralized exhaustion.\u00a0 He emphasized how much of what was most valuable in a liberal education was not negotiable in a roundtable manner, but depended on self-identification, unconscious commitments and, memorably, the articulation of inner vision into structured communication.\u00a0 \u201cIt is worth reminding ourselves,\u201d he says, “that in Plato, who seems to have invented the conception, dialogue exists solely for the purpose of destroying false knowledge.\u00a0 As soon as any genuine knowledge (or what Plato regarded as such) is present, the dialogue turns into a punctuated monologue” (SS <\/em>4).<\/p>\n

There is no substitute for reflection in the educated imagination, not any escaping the need to translate the results of that reflection into organized utterance.\u00a0 A punctuated monologue <\/em>is not a dialogue, but it isn\u2019t a withdrawal into deep silence either.\u00a0 Because even if your commitments or preferred forms of identification are not with those of a humanist education, you will still need to use the humanist instruments of word and image to communicate them.\u00a0 This is why a humanistic education is so seminal for Frye and for us.<\/p>\n

I\u2019ve been thinking about these things as I stacked some of Ed Twining\u2019s books, and wondering if it wasn\u2019t for reasons like these that Frye could have meant so much to a man who, for all his large reserves of play and erudition, would surely have perished in the present academic dispensation.\u00a0 Not so much because this regime emphasizes constant publication\u2014in fact many administrators are anything but concerned about publication\u2014but because we are now so pinioned on the treadmill of constant production that Frye identified in this essay as so deeply anti-educative.\u00a0 Only now the things we aim to produce are not articles and monographs but tolerance, a comfortable <\/em>learning environment, the public good and God knows what else. \u00a0In this, the postmodern academy is so often only a parody of what Frye talks about in \u201cThe Instruments of Mental Production.\u201d \u00a0\u00a0Instead, it is a place best imaged in Book 4 of Gulliver\u2019s Travels <\/em>where, you will remember, Gulliver talks about the proneness to disease of the Yahoos. What strikes him as odd is that no one has: “Any more than a general Appellation for those Maladies, which is borrowed from the Name of the Beast, and called Hnea Yahoo<\/em> or the Yahoo\u2019s-Evil; and the Cure prescribed is a Mixture of their own Dung and Urine, forcibly put down the Yahoo\u2019s Throat” (GT <\/em>4).<\/p>\n

The perpetual administration of dubious remedies is what the postmodern academy craves and thrives on, not productive scholarship <\/em>(identified as the source of rich ironies by Frye) and still less the possibilities of human life<\/em> that he enjoins on us for our lifetime study in his final paragraph.\u00a0 But even the impossibilities, even what you don\u2019t want, ultimately assumes \u201ca poetic shape\u201d as this passage from Swift shows.<\/p>\n

In circumstances like these, I think Frye\u2019s international presence in the scholarly community brings him into territory contemporary readers will recognize from Adorno\u2019s Minima Moralia<\/em>. <\/em>Adorno\u2019s response, it seems to me, is much more like Gulliver\u2019s: recalcitrant misanthropy takes over from hope and, to a degree, vision\u2014much of his discussion in MM <\/em>proceeds like a discharge of tiny pellets into his own flesh.\u00a0 I\u2019d like to say that, of course, Frye\u2019s is the example we all should follow.\u00a0 But I\u2019m not at all sure about this: what I do think is that the global context that a particular kind of inquirer moves towards seems to produce utopian and misanthropic types in the scholarly drama it hosts.\u00a0 I mean types to carry the meaning Frye has alerted us to: recurring figures in a specific structure.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0 I\u2019ve recently been shelving some of the volumes I inherited this summer following the death of my much-missed colleague and friend Edward Twining.\u00a0 As I stacked some of them, I remembered how when we first came to Denver, Ed and his wise and witty wife Mary-Beth took us on a drive into the Rocky […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[52,75,92,124],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6652","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-frye-and-contemporary-scholarship","category-guest-bloggers","category-literary-criticism","category-post-modernism"],"yoast_head":"\nJan Gorak: Frye and the Instruments of Mental Production - 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