{"id":40,"date":"2017-02-07T23:30:25","date_gmt":"2017-02-08T04:30:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/writing-in-archaeology\/?p=40"},"modified":"2017-02-08T03:14:05","modified_gmt":"2017-02-08T08:14:05","slug":"reviewing-the-review","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/writing-in-archaeology\/2017\/02\/07\/reviewing-the-review\/","title":{"rendered":"Reviewing the Review"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>This week, my review will explore Mark Pollard and Peter Bray\u2019s 2007 article entitled: <em>A Bicycle Made for Two? The Integration of Scientific Techniques into Archaeological Interpretation<\/em>. This annual review article seemed at first like an unorthodox choice. It does not cover a specific region, technique, research question, or theoretical perspective. Instead, it addresses the progress of and potential for integrating scientific methods into archaeology. I selected this article because my research falls squarely into the category of applying a scientific method to an archaeological question. While perusing the Annual Review of Anthropology journal, I did not find any articles that dealt with soil chemistry in archaeology. I hoped that exploring this more general article would help me understand why no geoarchaeological review has been solicited while challenging me to think about my own research differently. I found that even my limited experiences helped me relate to the process of archaeological science discussed in this article. I will assess the aims, structure, content, and style of Pollard and Bray\u2019s review in this blog post.<\/p>\n<p><em>Aims<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Pollard and Bray wanted to avoid reiterating widespread critiques and instead engage with the history and success of collaborations between anthropological archaeology and the sciences (p. 246). Tackling this kind of problem is rather challenging in a review article because it is such a broad topic that it risks quickly becoming theoretical. Pollard and Bray attempted to avoid this by featuring case studies and focusing on the transferable aspects of their expertise in British and European archaeology. \u00a0I am intrigued by these aims as I have not read a paper with this type of goal before. In part, the paper\u2019s aim of encouraging interdisciplinary study was part of the reason I chose to review this article.<\/p>\n<p><em>Structure<\/em><\/p>\n<p>This paper was organized in a way that paralleled many science publications:<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>Introduction<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>History<\/li>\n<li>Paper Aims<\/li>\n<li>Methods<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Case Studies<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Fieldwork<\/li>\n<li>Scientific Instruments<\/li>\n<li>Research Questions<\/li>\n<li>Education<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>General Critiques<\/p>\n<p>Responses to Critiques<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>This structure, including the sub-headings made the paper easy to follow. The mirroring of the scientific paper organization seemed like a smart choice given the topic. However, I didn&#8217;t feel as though the critiques section was fully integrated into the paper. Many of the critiques such as increased specialization and micro-focus of scientific investigations were acknowledged but not directly addressed. This may have been a pitfall of having to cover such a broad topic in a review. I also found that arranging a review in this way minimized the authors&#8217; voices. There was no section that featured the authors&#8217; specific contributions to a scientific approach in archaeology. Structuring the paper in this way gave it an objective feel despite other stylistic choices.<\/p>\n<p><em>Content<\/em><\/p>\n<p>I found the content to be quite eclectic. I often strive to make as many connections as possible in my writing and I admire the broad range of relevant connections Pollard and Bray made. However, for a non-archaeologist or non-anthropologist many of the theoretical references were made without much explanation. This was probably a conscious choice made with an understanding of the audience. However, given the topic, I wonder if adding more context would have been beneficial for those coming from the sciences. However, even given the limited scope I found some points quite interesting.<\/p>\n<p>Pollard and Bray\u2019s reference to encouraging and focusing on encouraging shared language seemed to connect well with this course. The notion of having to learn to communicate differently for different audiences is something that we have reiterated and it is nice to see this re-emphasized in a specific case study. However, I don\u2019t know that this paper managed to depart from anthropological language and references. The emphasis on concepts like materiality, surveying, chronologies, and social theory still staunchly ground this paper in anthropology.<\/p>\n<p>The case study section of this paper also confused me. I would have liked to see more focus on the author\u2019s own experience and contributions and some type of overarching example explored for each of the specified stages. I think selecting one example and riding the metaphorical bicycle through each phase of that example would have created a better narrative arc. As it stands, it is nice to see that multiple examples of good collaboration exist. However, I feel as though each example in this paper is fleeting and cursory.<\/p>\n<p>My final comment on content concerns the presented solutions. The idea that the iterative process produces results is simultaneously comforting and alarming. It is comforting in that all stages of production contribute to the outcome. However, it also feels as though we are doomed to repeat redundant steps and cannot increase efficiency despite being aware of the process. This paper, for all its positivity, seems to re-enforce the status quo. I did not anticipate a review paper that simply affirm what has and is happening. It is interesting to see that one was published.<\/p>\n<p><em>Style<\/em><\/p>\n<p>I found it interesting to read a co-published review article. Seeing the authors find common ground and speak in a unified voice is something I haven\u2019t taken time to consider before. This increased the cohesion and clarity of the piece. However, with a lack of interplay between the authors and an omission of personal research and experience, the authorial voice took on an air of objectivity. I did not particularly like this as I don\u2019t feel as though there is a single process or experience that propels archaeological science. However, it was interesting to see how despite using the first person. The authors were still able to achieve an clear and concise objective voice.<\/p>\n<p>As mentioned above, I would have liked to see a little more narrative structure. The case studies seemed less like examples of individual projects but examples of how projects exhibited a particular stages of scientific collaboration. I wonder if the case study section is one where an author can adopt a less objective, narrative style. By explaining the relevance of a case and exploring it in greater depth, perhaps the monotony of a more objective scientific piece could be broken up. I hope to use this article as a starting point to explore different styles of writing when conveying background content.<\/p>\n<p><em>Conclusions<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Reading this article, I was torn. I was engaged by the positivity and clear language used throughout. Yet, I was left at a loss for how to proceed differently and produce better integrated archaeological science. Despite some content shortcomings, I found it refreshing to find a review article that deals exclusively with practical solutions to a problem that I\u2019ve often found relegated to theoretical debates. This review presents a good example of collaborative writing while still cultivating a single voice. I also hope that others take on methodological and practical challenges in review articles and continue to highlight successes for broader academic audiences. Reviewing this article helped me explore what content, styles, and forms I appreciate in an article while encouraging me to continue to pursue interdisciplinary research.<\/p>\n<p>Citation:<\/p>\n<p>Pollard, Mark A. and Peter Bray. 2007. A Bicycle Made for Two? The Integration of Scientific Techniques into Archaeological Interpretation.\u00a0<em>Annual Review of Anthropology.\u00a0<\/em>36: 245-259.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This week, my review will explore Mark Pollard and Peter Bray\u2019s 2007 article entitled: A Bicycle Made for Two? The Integration of Scientific Techniques into Archaeological Interpretation. This annual review article seemed at first like an unorthodox choice. It does &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/macblog.mcmaster.ca\/writing-in-archaeology\/2017\/02\/07\/reviewing-the-review\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":166,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-40","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Reviewing the Review - Archaeological Writing<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Reviewing the Review - Archaeological Writing\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"This week, my review will explore Mark Pollard and Peter Bray\u2019s 2007 article entitled: A Bicycle Made for Two? 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