Category Archives: Anniversaries

The Beatles, Candlestick Park

beatles

Today is the 44th anniversary of the Beatles’ last concert at Candlestick Park, San Francisco.

Fifty-five seconds of lousy video that nicely captures what it must have been like to be there, here.

This was the Beatles’ last concert but not their last public performance, which didn’t occur till three years later on January 30th 1969.  A much better clip of that event after the jump. (Notice how Austen Powers-y London looks: check out Ringo in his red plastic mac.)

Frye in discussion with Robert Fulford and Marty Gross on the ritualistic element of Beatles concerts:

[Fulford discusses the human need for ritual, as seen for instance in the intense emotion of the audience at a Beatles concert where the music could not be heard above the audience’s screams.]

Frye: You need different rituals at different times.  There is something in the pantomime, where you don’t hear the words, that has a very direct childlike appeal.  So it didn’t matter whether you heard the Beatles, as long as you saw them.  The response to the aural stimulus is something that develops much more gradually. (CW 24, 542)

Perhaps that’s what makes the next clip so poignant.  There’s no more Beatlemania, no more adolescent girls screaming like Bacchantes.  The Beatles’ last audience was just a random collection of people (including a number of noticeably middle-aged Londoners, who are somewhat stiff and formal but evidently still fans) who found their way to nearby rooftops so that they could watch and hear the Beatles in public for what turned out to be the last time.

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Edward III

httpv://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rBHDEoBWja0

The sword of Edward III

On this date in 1349 Edward III led the English forces to victory over the French in the Battle of Crécy, one of many battles fought during the Hundred Years’ War through the reigns of four English kings — Edward III, Richard II, Henry IV, and Henry V — and which ultimately ended in English defeat after Joan of Arc appeared on the scene to rally the French in their cause.

Frye on Blake’s “King Edward the Third”:

“King Edward the Third” is an exercise in the idiom  of Elizabethan drama, just as the songs are, if more successfully, exercises in the corresponding lyrical idiom.  It is a very curious piece.  Apparently, if one believes that England has always been the home of democracy and constitutional government, and France — at least until the Revolution — a hotbed of tyranny and superstition, one can also believe that the Hundred Years’ War was a blow struck solely in the interests of progress.  The English are famous for transforming their economic and political ambitions into moral principles, and to the naive mercantile jingoism of the eighteenth century, which assumed that freedom of action was the same thing as material expansion, there seemed nothing absurd in thinking that the unchecked growth of England’s power involved the emancipation of the world.  At any rate, Akenside, in his Ode to the Country Gentlemen of England, seems to have had a vague idea that war with France is somehow connected with the principles of Freedom, Truth and Reason as well as Glory, and refers to the Hundred Years’ War as a crusade in favor of these principles.  Akenside was a Whig; Thomson and Young, who wrote a good deal to the same effect, were also Whigs, the liberals of their time, and it is not really surprising if the young Blake, looking for a historical example of the fight of freedom against tyranny, should have selected the exploits of Edward III.  A good deal of the poem is simply “Rule Britannia” in blank verse. . . . (Fearful Symmetry, 179-80)

Anti-Semitism

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“The Massacre of Jews at Strasbourg” in 1349 by Edward Beyer

Today is the anniversary of two vicious acts of anti-semitism in a long and horrific history of such acts.

In 1349 six thousand Jews in Mainz were massacred after being blamed for the Black Death.

In  1391 Jews were massacred in Palma de Mallorca.

Frye in The Great Code:

Anti-Semitism is a long-standing corruption of Christianity, and one of the more rationalized pretexts for it is the notion that the legalism condemned in the New Testament is to be identified with Judaism.  But this is a very dubious interpretation of even the most polemical parts of the New Testament, and is not found at all in the teaching of Jesus.  Jesus always attacks a quite specific elite or pseudo-elite of priests, scribes, lawyers, Pharisess, Sadduces, and other “blind guides” (Matthew 23:24), but not the precepts of the religion he was brought up in himself.  What Jesus condemned in Pharisaism is as common in Christianity as in any other religion.  The attack on legalism is in quite a different context: it means accepting the standards of society, and society will always sooner or later line up with Pilate against the prophet. (133)

Napoleon

httpv://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AIJimmYKYYA

An extended excerpt from Abel Gance‘s restored 1927 masterpiece, Napoleon

On this date in 1799 Napoleon left Egypt en route to seize power in France.

Frye in “The Drunken Boat”:

The self-identifying admiration that so many Romantics expressed for Napoleon has much to do with the expression of natural force, creative power, and revolutionary outbreak.  As Carlyle says, in an uncharacteristically cautious assessment of Napoleon: “What Napoleon did will in the long-run amount to what he did justly; what Nature with her laws will sanction.” (The Stubborn Structure, 209)

And here he is in one of the late notebooks on the same quote:

Carlyle said that what Napoleon did will ultimately become what he did justly: people like Napoleon never really do anything, certainly not justly.  They’re thunderstorms in the hell-world.  (CW 6, 672)

Quebec Separatism

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The now nearly forgotten Jacques Parizeau, leader of the Parti Quebecois and Premier of Quebec at the time of the 1995 Referendum.  The near miss may have been partly the result of an attempted electoral fraud by PQ party workers at the polls who suppressed “no” votes. Parizeau, of course, saw the result differently and notoriously blamed the loss (some say drunkenly did so) on “money and ethnic votes.” We also discovered that had the PQ won by the narrowest of margins (the question posed in the referendum included negotiating a new constitutional arrangement with Canada first), Parizeau intended to make a unilateral declaration of  independence on behalf of a newly sovereign Quebec.  As Parizeau put it, the bamboozled population would accept it once they realized that they were now “lobsters thrown into a boiling pot.”

On this date is 1998, the Supreme Court of Canada ruled that Quebec cannot legally secede from Canada without the consent of the federal government.

Frye in “Canadian Identity and Cultural Regionalism”:

When the cultural and imaginative regionalism in Canada takes on a political cast as well, it becomes merely provincial.  In extreme cases, as with certain extreme separatist groups in Quebec, British Columbia and the Prairies, it can become a kind of squalid neo-fascism.  On the other hand, when the national political consciousness attempts to become generally imaginative and cultural, it is apt to become confused by insoluble problems of identity.  I think we can eventually work our way towards a national culture and imagination, but it needs a solid regional  basis.  (CW 10, 268)

Woodstock, Day 4

httpv://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O2xnEv9aF60

Jimi Hendrix, “Voodoo Child”

Monday, August 19, 1969: Among those who played Woodstock that four day weekend were Janis Joplin, The Who, the Grateful Dead, Santana, Creedence Clearwater Revival, Jefferson Airplane, and the very unhippie show-stoppers, Sly and the Family StoneJimi Hendrix closed out the concert — to a very small audience because almost everybody else had already gone home.  His performance therefore was sort of like Woodstock’s Woodstock: more people claim they were there than actually were there.  (The one person I know who did go to Woodstock sorrowfully admits that she, like many others, left Sunday afternoon to be home for Monday and so missed this celebrated performance.)

Despite hippiedom’s self-declared ethos of revolution, Frye didn’t see it that way:

The conception of “participatory democracy,” which requires a thorough decentralization, is also anarchist in context.  In some respects this fact represents a political picture almost the reverse of that of the previous generation.  For today’s radical the chief objects of loyalty during the thirties, trade unions and the revolutionary directives of Moscow, have become reactionary social forces, whereas some radical movements, such as the Black Panthers, which appear to have committed themselves both to violence and to racism, seem to descend from fascism, which also had anarchist affinities.  Similarly, anarchism does not seek to create a “working class”: much of its dynamic comes from a bourgeois disillusionment with an overproductive society, and some types of radical protest, like those of the hippies, are essentially protests against the work ethic itself. (“The University and Personal Life,” Spiritus Mundi, 29)

Hendrix’ iconic rendition of “The Star Spangled Banner” after the jump.

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Fireworks!

httpv://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yhUZlokAURQ

Fireworks.  Because every birthday ought to end in fireworks.

So thanks to Bob Denham, thanks (most especially) to Jonathan Cox, and thanks to John Fink for getting Northrop Frye and Critical Method up and running for this first anniversary.  And, of course, many many warm thanks to all of our contributors over the past year.  We hope to see much more of you in our second year.  As well as, of course, as many more new contributors who’d like to join us.

Our First Anniversary

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Today is our first anniversary, and we’re very pleased to be here.

We began celebrating early by posting in its entirety yesterday our beloved benefactor Bob Denham’s first book, Northrop Frye and Critical Method.  It has been brilliantly digitized for easy access and reading by Bob’s former student and our current administrator, Jonathan Cox.  (Our thanks also to our tech support at McMaster Library, John Fink, for posting it.)  You can find it here.  You’ll be delighted to see that all chapters, chapter sections, and diagrams have their own links, and there is always a link to the next chapter in the top right hand corner, as well as link to the previous chapter in the top left.

When we started out a year ago we were simply a “weblog dedicated to Northrop Frye.”  We’re now much more than that.  Besides the daily blog portion of the site (1000 posts in the first 12 months), there is now a journal containing 18 articles that also serves as the archive for Moncton’s Frye Festival.

We have also established the Robert D. Denham Library, which is turning into a singular resource for scholars, students and the reading public.  At this point the library houses too many treasures to itemize, but it includes the complete 10 volumes of Bob Denham’s Northrop Frye Newsletter, previously unpublished material by Frye himself (including the remarkable 5 part, 39 chapter Notes on Romance), various reviews of 20 of Frye’s published works, previously unpublished student class notes and exams from the 1940s and 50s, all of Bob Denham’s introductions to various volumes of the Collected Works, study guides and outlines to The Educated Imagination and The Double Vision, two complete books (now including, of course, Bob’s wonderful Frye and Critical Method), various lectures by Frye scholars, and other Frygiana.  We hope to be posting audio and video of Frye soon.  We also hope that before long we can begin to post student papers and dissertations.

Finally, there is our readership: many hundreds of visits a week and many thousands a month from more than 100 countries around the world.  We figure that, as we become better known, those numbers will only improve, as they seem to do steadily from month to month.

We are, of course, eager to tap into the Frye community at large for still more contributions, and our invitation always stands. We are pleased to note that we offered for the first time full day to day coverage of the Frye Festival in Moncton last April, as well as the Crucified Woman Reborn” conference at Emmanuel College in May. At the moment we are  providing coverage of the effort to save the Centre for Comparative Literature at the University of Toronto.  If, therefore, you’d like to post at the blog or submit an article to the journal or add something to the library, just drop us a line at fryeblog@gmail.ca

Miles Davis: “Kind of Blue”

httpv://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qlIU-2N7WY4

A live performance of the album’s opening track, “So What” — the tune that is to classic jazz what “Stairway to Heaven” is to classic rock

On this date in 1959 Miles Davis released “Kind of Blue,” the best-selling jazz album of all time.  Fifty-one years later and it still charts!  And why shouldn’t it?  Here’s the lineup: Miles Davis on trumpet, John Coltrane and Cannonball Adderley on saxophones, Bill Evans and Wynton Kelly on piano, Paul Chambers on bass, and Jimmy Cobb on drums.

Oh, and each track is perfect.

After the jump, a 50th anniversary commemoration of the release of the album.

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Macbeth

httpv://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4LDdyafsR7g

Ian McKellen as Macbeth: “Tomorrow and tomorrow and tomorrow . . .”

August 15th offers two significant and uncannily symmetrical Macbeth anniversaries.

On this date in 1040, Macbeth saw his cousin and rival, Duncan 1, killed in battle, making Macbeth King of Scotland.

Seventeen years later to the day, in 1057, Macbeth himself was killed in battle by a force led my Duncan’s eldest son, Malcolm III of Scotland.

Frye on Shakespeare’s Macbeth as one of the “tragedies of order”:

In each of Shakespeare’s three social tragedies, Julius Caesar, Macbeth, and Hamlet, we have a tragic action based on three main character groups.  First is the order-figure: Julius Caesar in that play; Duncan in Macbeth; Hamlet’s father.  He is killed by a rebel-figure or usurper: Brutus and the other conspirators; Macbeth; Claudius.  Third comes the nemesis-figure or nemesis-group: Antony and Octavius; Malcolm and Macduff; Hamlet.  It is sometimes assumed tht the hero, the character of the title-role, is always at the centre of the play, and that all plays are to be related in the same way as the hero; but each of the heroes of these three tragedies belongs to a different aspect of the total action.  The nemesis-figure is partly a revenger and partly an avenger.  He is primarily obsessed with killing the rebel-figure, but has a secondary function of restoring something of the previous order.  (Fools of Time, 17)