Author Archives: Michael Happy

Wannsee Conference

httpv://www.youtube.com/watch?v=spu9CaoOSjI

A scene from Conspiracy, HBO’s recreation of the Wannsee Conference from the surviving minutes of the meeting.  This scene is a point of demonic epiphany in which Nazi lawyer Wilhelm Stuckart of the Interior Ministry protests the elimination of the Jews as a matter of law, but then goes on to express his disdain for them in terms that illustrate Frye’s point below.

On this date in 1942 the Wannsee Conference took place, in which senior officials of the Nazi regime met to confirm the details of the Final Solution.

Frye in notes 52 :

Are-you-saved-brother extroverts and introverts with their inevitable crises of faith.  Pathological extensions take us into the mob, which has to have a scapegoat to project its self-doubts on, like the Jew in Nazi Germany who reminded the Nazis of their own nagging little voices telling them that their racism was shit and they really knew it was shit.  “I believe that” is dangerous when we still don’t know who is I or what that is.  (CW 6, 597)

Quote of the Day: “Propagandists Masquerading as Journalists”

“The conservative movement’s strategy is to delegitimize the media regardless of its fairness and accuracy. In its place, we’ve seen the rise of  broadcasters whose foremost loyalty isn’t to informing their audience. What we have are propagandists masquerading as journalists.” — Ex-pat Brit, advocate for G.W. Bush in two presidential elections, and gay HIV-positive libertarian conservative Andrew Sullivan posts on Hugh Hewitt today.

Frye in Words with Power:

We distinguish two forms of rhetoric which, if not always debased, are certainly suspect: propaganda and advertising.  They are suspect because their approach is ironic . . . [O]nly the forms of rhetorical propaganda that are backed by threats and penalties designed to eliminate the ironic response are actively debased. (CW 26, 38)

With entities like Fox News we get no journalism, no irony, propaganda funded by advertising, and a steady stream of threats and penalties.

Il trovatore

httpv://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-_Mr4d_ixSI

Maria Callas sings “D’amor sull’ali rosee” — on the rosy wings of love — from Il trovatore

On this date in 1853 Verdi’s Il trovatore premiered in Rome.

John Ayre in his biography describes a stopover in Rome during Frye’s 1937 visit to Italy, including an opportunity to take in a Verdi opera:

After the exhilarating taste of Tuscany, Frye was thoroughly dismayed.  “History of Roman art: bastard Etruscan, bastard Greek, stolen Greek, bastard Oriental, bastard Northern Italian, bastard copies of bastard Greek, bastard Dutch, and various kinds of eclectic bastardy.”  In viewing the “junk piles” — the Thermae, the Vatican, the Laterine — he caught a glimmer in the development of Greek sculpture but most everything disappointed.  Even what was good was diminished by irritants.  The Vatican obsessively plastered fig leaves on nude sculpture.  An Italian mania for “restoring” friezes had even spread to the supposedly inviolable Sistine Chapel.  There was opportunity, however, of seeing a more enticing contemporary side of Rome — in its opera and ballet — but on the pretext of disliking Verdi, Frye passed up the chance to see a production of Rigoletto.  Although he was still suffering a degree of intolerance (Beethoven good, Verdi bad), there was undeniable considerations of money and his still insistent desire to keep working on Blake. (136)

Frye on Shakespeare and opera in A Natural Perspective:

The only place where the tradition of Shakespearean romantic comedy has survived with any theatrical success, as we should expect, is opera.  As long as we have Mozart or Verdi or Sullivan to listen to, we can tolerate identical twins and lost heirs and love potions and folk tales; we can even stand a fairy queen if she is under two hundred pounds.  And when we look for the most striking modern parallels to Twelfth Night or The Tempest, we think first of all of Figaro and The Magic Flute.  (25)

Communications and Power

On this date in 1903 President Theodore Roosevelt sent a radio message to King Edward VII in the first transatlantic radio transmission originating in the United States.

Frye on Harold Innis and communication theory in “Across the River and Out of the Trees”:

It is no great credit to me that I entirely missed the significance, at the time, of the later prose work of Harold Innis, which appeared around 1950-52.  I found the prose style impenetrable and the subject-matter uncongenial.  But, of course, as is widely recognized now, Innis was defining a central issue in the Canadian imagination which ultimately affected the interests of practically everyone concerned with words.  Innis had first, as an economist, studied the fur trade and the fishing industry, and had gained from the study a vision of the “Laurentian” centrifugal economic development of the country, with the traders and trappers fanning out from the Great Lakes into the far North.  This in turn provided him with the underlying pattern of the primary modes of communication in Canada, the network of railways and canals mentioned above.  After that he asked himself the fateful question, “OK, what happens next?”  This took him into a panoramic vision of secondary communication through words, as conveyed by papyrus, paper, parchment, clay bricks, manuscripts, books, and newspapers.  He saw that verbal communication was an essential instrument of power, and that an ascendant class will naturally try to control and monopolize it.  In Empire and Communications, and in the more accessible essays in The Bias of Communication, he sketched the outlines of a philosophy of history, based on the theme of the production and the control of the means of communication, on a scale as comprehensive, at least potentially, as anything since Marx.  (CW 12, 558-9)

Gregory Corso

httpv://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fGPDZD7AK5o

Five poems by Gregory Corso

On this date in 2001 beat poet Gregory Corso died (born 1930).

Frye in “World Enough Without Time”:

The “beat” writers are trying to identify the genuine proletariat, the body of those who are excluded from the benefits of society and have sense enough to realize it.  For such a proletariat the road to freedom is not through organizing a revolution to seize power from the squares and become squares in their turn, but through breaking the current of social  energy by drifting, bumming, playing jazz, taking dope, or what not, and entering the world of the pure present through the break.  The beat philosophy may be wrong — that is, it may be crazy itself instead of merely making use of craziness — but its symbolism is a contemporary cultural force to be reckoned with. (CW 21, 292)

The Week that Was

httpv://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2tTDiZZYCAs

Gabrielle Giffords warns Sarah Palin by name months ago about the “consequences” of using gun-violence imagery.

It’s interesting that in the course of just a few days a number of influential organs on the right have gone from vehemently denying that unrelentingly violent rhetoric had anything to do with events in Tucson, to just as vigorously promoting the notion that the right has been violated by denunciation of that rhetoric.  In the first instance, words do no harm.  In the second, every word is, according to Sarah Palin, a “blood libel,” and now, according to an editorial in the Washington Times, “a pogrom.”   (The fact that a “pogrom” is the violent consequence of a “blood libel” seems to have eluded those who are otherwise purveyors of word-to-violence denial when the targets are their adversaries.)  Here’s a sample from that editorial bearing the title “Blood libel against Palin and Limbaugh”:

This is simply the latest round of an ongoing pogrom against conservative thinkers. The last two years have seen a proliferation of similar baseless charges of racism, sexism, bigotry, Islamophobia and inciting violence against those on the right who have presented ideas at odds with the establishment’s liberal orthodoxy. Columnist Paul Krugman took advantage of the murders to tar conservative icon Rush Limbaugh and Fox News superstar Glenn Beck as “hate-mongers” . . .

This tragedy has provided a useful warning about the hateful bile that inspires many of today’s liberals.

The absurdity and irresponsibility displayed here is so extensive that it sets its own low standard.  The tragic history of the Jewish people is now being appropriated by extraordinarily powerful and privileged interests for the purpose of rendering themselves victims – victims of  the free speech they seem to think can only be protected through repeated threats of gun play.  This is an unmistakable pattern of behaviour on the right: they are never wrong and they are always the victims.

So which is it?  Do words mean nothing or do they mean something?  Do they have consequences or not?  For the right, it seems that words have no ill consequence when mendaciously barked and bellowed in order to drown out dialogue, but that they must be rigorously suppressed when rendering criticism of the barking and bellowing and the demonstrable presence of lies.  As is usually the case, only those on the right have the right to express an opinion.  Their opinions, moreover, are quickly asserted to be fact, and their facts are of course the only ones that matter.  One of the maneuvers required this week to make Palin the victim of events was the contemptible assertion that the rifle crosshairs appearing in her campaign graphics were in fact “surveyor’s symbols.”  As Bob Denham pointed out this week, every single reference to them by Sarah Palin during the midterm election campaign is consistent with the assumption that they are crosshairs, not surveyor’s symbols.  The lies by this point are apparently a conditioned reflex.

What’s the measure of all this?  Last week a Democratic congresswoman was shot in the head and six innocent bystanders murdered in a congressional district that had been specifically targeted with gun-violence rhetoric by both Sarah Palin and Tea Party candidate Jesse Kelly; by the end of the week, however, the chief point of contention on the right was that Sarah Palin is the real victim of the carnage.  This is horrific.  It is the moral sinkhole into which much of the right is descending. But it is also a template for what is quickly becoming the new normal.  It’s difficult to think of any reason why anyone should think that this is acceptable – except those who have committed themselves to intimidating people to whom they have decided in advance the right of free speech does not apply.  The best response, therefore, is to continue to exercise that right, whatever the shouters are threatening next.

Frye at the Movies: “The Ghost Train”

httpv://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jj0u0jkYWHw

Bob Denham provided us a month or so ago with a list of movies that Frye either recorded seeing or referred to in some context (posted in the Denham Library here).  We’re going to put up as many of them as we can find.  Tonight it’s The Ghost Train, which Frye describes in his July 28th, 1942 diary entry:

Hot weather.  Went to show, an English mystery, “Ghost Train.”  Swell.  One of the things that interested me about it was the way the English can put the most typically English frozen-faced sourpussed jerks into the picture and preserve intact all their stupid stereotypes, & then when you’re just about to curse them for being such god-damned English jerks you suddenly realize the English have put them there.  It’s known, well-known in fact, as the “English Ability to Laugh at Themselves.”  I only hope it doesn’t breed a self-conscious paralysis the way the discovery of the ability to muddle through did. (CW 8, 17)

TGIF: Sign of the Times

httpv://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sv3tadz5Q3o

An inspired, fully choreographed American sign language interpretation of Cee-Lo’s bouncy Motown-inflected hit, “Fuck You.”  The delighted laughter of the audience says it all.  The young woman in the video posted this comment on YouTube:  “My name is Anna and this is my final for a college level sign language class. I am not deaf and still learning sign language and encourage others to learn sign language as well! Thank you so much for all the love.”

If you haven’t seen it already, you can watch Cee-Lo’s video here.

Lewis Carroll

httpv://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lUnqbBgYZmI

Alice and the Cheshire Cat in the Disney adaptation

On this date in 1898 Lewis Carroll died (born 1832).

Frye in “The Nature of Satire”:

Non-satiric humor tends to fantasy: one finds it most clearly in the fairy worlds of Lewis Carroll, Edward Lear, and Walt Disney, in Celtic romance and American tall tales.  Yet even here one can never be sure, for the humor of fantasy is continually being pulled back into satire by means of that powerful undertow which we call allegory.  The White King in Alice in Wonderland felt that one should be provided for everything, and therefore put anklets around his horse’s feet against the bites of sharks, may pass without challenge.  But what are we to make of the mob of hired revolutionaries in the same author’s Sylvie and Bruno, who got their instructions mixed and yelled under the palace windows: “More taxes!  Less bread!”  Here we begin to sniff the acrid, pungent smell of satire. (CW 21, 44-5)